Seamless steel cylinder production equipment
The whole process of seamless steel gas cylinder: billet blanking → heating → hot extrusion/spinning forming → bottom closing → bottle mouth processing → heat treatment → water pressure test → air tightness test → surface treatment → flaw detection → printing logo, which is divided into two mainstream routes: hot extrusion process and spinning process.
First, the blank pretreatment section
1. Sawing machine (metal band sawing machine: round steel bar is cut to a fixed length to cut out steel cylinder blanks.
2. Blank grinding machine/shot blasting machine: remove surface cracks and scale of round steel to avoid forming defects.
3. Inspection equipment (billet ultrasonic inspection): screening internal defects of raw material bars.
Second, the hot forming core section (two mainstream processes) Route A: Hot extrusion (commonly used for large-volume seamless steel cylinders)
1. Annular heating furnace/intermediate frequency induction heating furnace: heating round billet to forging temperature of 11001250℃.
2. Hydraulic extruder: high-pressure extrusion, that is, the hot blank is extruded into a hollow cylindrical blank.
3. Bottom press (bottom-closing press): Squeeze and close the bottom of the bottle.
4. Bottle neck rotary forging machine: forge one end and process the neck of bottle mouth. Route B: Spinning forming (commonly used for small and medium-sized steel cylinders, oxygen cylinders and nitrogen cylinders)
1. Plasma pipe cutter: the steel pipe is cut to length, and the steel cylinder blank is cut.
2. Intermediate frequency heating furnace: local heating of tube blank.
3. Powerful spinning machine: spinning and thinning the hollow tube blank to form the bottle body; Bottom-closing spinning and necking spinning are divided, and bottle bottom sealing and bottle mouth necking are completed at one time. Tip: Seamless steel cylinder has no welding process, and the bottom of the bottle is completely closed by extrusion/spinning. Third, the machining section
1. CNC lathe/special bottle mouth machine tool: processing bottle mouth thread and sealing surface, and processing bottle bottom shape.
2. Matching of thread gauge: inspection tool for bottle mouth thread. Four, heat treatment section (determine the mechanical properties of gas cylinders, essential) 1. Continuous heat treatment furnace: quenching and tempering to ensure strength and toughness; Matching quenching cooling system (water quenching/oil quenching). Five, nondestructive testing section
1. Ultrasonic flaw detector: detect the wall thickness and internal cracks of the bottle body.
2. Magnetic particle flaw detector: internal and external surface cracks (standard for ferromagnetic steel cylinders)
3. Special flaw detection equipment for bottle mouth: crack inspection at threaded part. Six, pressure test section (compulsory safety inspection)
1. Hydrostatic testing machine: compression strength test, and compression test before hydraulic blasting according to the national standard.
2. Air-tight testing machine: filling compressed air/nitrogen for leak detection; Air tightness testing machine at the bottom of gas cylinder: fill compressed air and soapy water to check whether the bottom of gas cylinder leaks or not.
3. Residual moisture drying equipment: completely dry the accumulated water in the bottle after the test. VII. Surface and Post-treatment
1. Shot blasting machine for outer wall of gas cylinder: remove heat-treated scale on outer surface of gas cylinder; Shot peening machine for inner wall of gas cylinder: remove heat treatment scale on inner surface of gas cylinder.
2. Spraying production line (electrophoresis/painting production line): external wall duty paint.
3. Drying and curing furnace: paint drying.
4. Cylinder marking machine (steel engraving machine): steel seal marks such as engraving number, water pressure date and working pressure.
5. Drying equipment: drying in the bottle to prevent internal corrosion.
6. Cylinder valve loader: install cylinder valve. Eight, supporting auxiliary equipment -Hydraulic station, high-pressure water pump, compressed air system and nitrogen gas source. -Physical and chemical laboratory equipment: tensile testing machine, impact testing machine, hardness tester, each batch of samples for mechanical properties. -Blasting test bench (type test, destructive blasting test is done irregularly) Important reminder
1. Seamless steel cylinder belongs to special equipment, which can not be produced by buying equipment. It needs to obtain the manufacturing license of special equipment, and the whole process and inspection system must meet the national standards such as GB 5099.
2. The investment of the whole production line is huge, and the price of a single hot extrusion/large-scale powerful spinning machine is very high, and a complete physical, chemical and nondestructive testing laboratory is also needed.