Sand Blasting Tank Composition and Usage Precautions
(1) Composition of the Sand Blasting Tank
1. Tank Body
The tank body is made of high-strength carbon steel and is welded together. It is a sealed pressure tank with the characteristics of pressure resistance, wear resistance, and deformation prevention. It is the main container for storing sand grains, stainless steel grains, and other abrasive materials. The tank body is equipped with a sealed feeding port and an inspection port. The inner wall is treated for wear resistance and corrosion prevention. The bottom is of conical structure to avoid accumulation and residue of the projectiles, ensuring smooth discharge of the projectiles and eliminating the problems of accumulated projectiles and poor discharge. The rated pressure of the tank body matches the equipment operating conditions, can stably adapt to the normal working pressure of the equipment, and meet the requirements for continuous sand blasting operations.
2. Pressure Control System of the Sand Blasting Tank
It includes an air intake pressure regulating valve, pressure gauge, pressure relief valve, and pressure stabilizing device. These are the core components for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the sand blasting tank. The pressure regulating valve is used to precisely regulate the air intake pressure in the tank, matching the sand blasting cleaning process for different workpieces; the pressure gauge displays the pressure value in the tank in real time, facilitating real-time monitoring by the operators; the pressure relief valve is the core safety component, automatically releasing pressure when the tank pressure exceeds the rated value to prevent the tank from overpressurizing and deforming or bursting, and eliminating the risk of high-pressure safety hazards; the pressure stabilizing device can stabilize the pressure in the tank to avoid pressure fluctuations that cause uneven sand blasting force and quality deviations in the workpiece cleaning.
3. Supply Control System of the Sand Blasting Tank
It mainly includes a grinding material flow control valve, discharge control valve, and material level monitoring device. The flow control valve can precisely control the output of the projectiles, adjusting the supply speed according to the material type of the workpiece, the degree of rust, and the cleaning thickness, to adapt to different cleaning process requirements; the discharge control valve controls the on-off of the projectile pipeline to achieve precise control of start and stop, eliminating the problem of leakage of projectiles when the equipment stops; the material level monitoring device can monitor the amount of projectiles in the tank in real time, giving an early warning when the material level is low to replenish the material, avoiding insufficient material and empty spraying, and ensuring the continuity of the operation.
4. Pipeline Transportation System of the Sand Blasting Tank
It consists of a high-pressure air intake pipeline, a projectile transportation pipeline, quick connectors, and sealing pipe fittings. The air intake pipeline connects to the compressed air system to provide a stable pressure source for the tank body; the wear-resistant projectile transportation pipeline is made of high-maintenance material to resist the erosion and wear caused by high-speed projectiles, avoiding pipeline damage and projectile leakage; quick connectors facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the pipeline, and all pipe interface are equipped with sealing parts to ensure airtightness and eliminate problems of air leakage, projectile leakage, and dust leakage during the operation.
5. Safety Protection Components of the Sand Blasting Tank
It includes a tank explosion-proof pressure relief device, sealing protective pads, anti-block filter nets, and grounding device. The explosion-proof pressure relief device prevents accidents caused by sudden pressure increase in the tank; the sealing pads cover all tank interface and inspection ports to ensure airtightness without leakage; the inlet and outlet ports are equipped with anti-block filter nets to intercept impurities and damaged waste projectiles to prevent pipeline and sand gun blockages; the grounding device can conduct static electricity to avoid the accumulation of static electricity caused by the friction of dust and abrasive materials, eliminating the risk of static hazards.
(2) Precautions for Using the Sand Blasting Tank
1. Precautions before starting the equipment
Before the sand blasting tank is used, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the overall condition of the sand blasting tank, checking that the tank body is without deformation, cracking, rust, or damage, all sealing pads are intact without aging or damage, and the interfaces and inspection ports are sealed tightly without leakage. Check that the pressure gauge, pressure regulating valve, pressure relief valve are sensitive and effective, the pressure values are accurate, the pressure regulation function is normal, and the pressure relief device is not blocked or stuck. Check that the projectile transportation pipeline is not worn or cracked, the connectors are tightened properly, and the filter nets are clean and not blocked. At the same time, check the purity of the projectiles in the tank, remove any clumps, impurities, or waste projectiles, and ensure that the projectile specifications match the requirements of the equipment, strictly prohibiting the use of different specifications of abrasive materials. Confirm that the material level is normal, the grounding is reliable, and the protective devices are complete and intact before starting the equipment for operation.
2. Operating Precautions during Sand Blasting Tank Operation
Start the equipment in accordance with the equipment operation procedures, follow the operation sequence of "first ventilation, then supply projectiles, first stop projectiles, then stop air", and strictly prohibit illegal operations. During the operation, the pressure inside the tank is monitored in real time. It is strictly controlled within the rated working pressure range of the equipment. Overpressure operation is strictly prohibited. When abnormal pressure fluctuations occur, the machine is immediately shut down for troubleshooting. According to the process requirements of the workpiece, the flow rate of the shot and the working pressure are slowly adjusted. It is forbidden to make large adjustments to the pressure or flow rate at once to avoid sudden changes in the shot blasting force and damage to the workpiece or damage to the equipment piping. During the operation, it is strictly prohibited to open the loading port or inspection port of the tank under pressure, and it is also forbidden to disassemble the pipe joints under pressure to prevent the ejection of high-pressure gas or shot and the impact of dust on people. Real-time observation of the cleaning quality of the workpiece is carried out. If there are problems such as missed shots, broken shots, or unstable pressure, the machine is immediately shut down to relieve the pressure and then troubleshoot. It is forbidden for the equipment to operate with faults.
3. Specifications for using abrasive materials in the sandblasting tank
Strictly select suitable and qualified shot. Do not use damp, clumped, or abrasive materials with a large amount of impurities. Do not use harmful abrasive materials such as quartz sand that can produce silica dust to ensure the occupational health of the operators and the stability of the equipment operation. Regularly screen the shot in the tank and promptly clean up fine waste shot, dust impurities, and ensure the purity of the shot circulation. Avoid impurities blocking the piping and affecting the cleaning effect. During the replenishment process, dust protection measures should be taken, and the dust cover plate should be tightly closed after replenishment to prevent foreign objects from entering the tank.
4. Precautions for shutdown and daily maintenance
After the sandblasting tank operation is completed, the shot supply valve should be closed first. After the residual shot in the pipeline and the tank has been transported away, the air supply valve should be closed. Slowly release the residual pressure in the tank to confirm that there is no pressure in the tank before proceeding with subsequent cleaning and maintenance. After each day's operation, clean the filter screen and sewage outlet of the tank, remove the accumulated dust, residual impurities, and waste shot from the tank to keep it clean. Regularly check the wear condition of the sealing gasket, piping, and wear-resistant components. Replace aging or damaged components in time to prevent leakage faults. Regularly calibrate pressure gauges, relief valves, and pressure regulating valves to ensure accurate measurement and sensitive operation, and prevent the failure of safety accessories. For equipment that has been out of service for a long time, the shot in the tank should be emptied, the internal debris should be cleaned up, and dust-proof, moisture-proof, and anti-corrosion protection should be carried out for the tank body.
5. Safety and environmental protection precautions
Operators must wear complete dust and impact protection equipment and strictly follow safety operation procedures. The operation area of the sandblasting tank should be kept well ventilated, and the dust removal system should be fully activated throughout the process to control dust dispersion and ensure that the dust emission meets standards. During the operation of the equipment, it is strictly prohibited for personnel to stand directly in front of the discharge port or pipe interface to avoid injury from high-pressure shot, gas flow, or impact. Regularly check the grounding system of the tank body to ensure that the grounding resistance is up to standard and the static electricity release is smooth to prevent static electricity accumulation from causing safety hazards. It is strictly prohibited to privately modify the tank structure, change the rated pressure-bearing parameters, or remove safety protection devices. Equipment maintenance and renovation should be operated by professional personnel.
6. Precautions for fault prevention
The main focus of daily fault prevention is to guard against four common faults: pipe blockage, unstable pressure, missed shot, and gas leakage. When the discharge is not smooth or there is a broken shot, immediately shut down the machine to relieve the pressure and clean the filter screen and pipe blockage materials. When the pressure fluctuation is large or the pressure stabilization fails, repair the pressure regulating valve and relief valve, and check the leak points of the pipeline. When there is missed shot or gas leakage, tighten the joints and replace the damaged sealing parts. Regularly sieve the shot to avoid impurity accumulation that affects the equipment operation. All faults must be shut down, relieved of pressure, and powered off before troubleshooting. It is strictly prohibited to conduct maintenance under pressure or electricity.