The Function And Classification Of Shot Blasting Equipment

The function and classification of shot blasting equipment
The shot blasting machine is the core component of the shot blasting machine, which is used to shoot the projectile at high speed towards the surface of the workpiece to complete cleaning or strengthening. According to different standards, there are multiple classification methods for shot blasting equipment.

The function of shot blasting equipment
The core function of a shot blasting machine is to use a high-speed rotating impeller to generate strong centrifugal force, and to eject projectiles (such as steel shot, steel sand, etc.) in a specific direction at a high speed (usually up to 100 meters per second or more).
Continuous impact of high-speed projectiles on the surface of workpieces can achieve the following objectives:
Cleaning the surface: Strongly remove the oxide scale, rust layer, sticky sand, welding slag, oil stains and other attachments on the surface of the workpiece, so as to expose the metallic color of the surface.
Enhanced performance: By repeatedly impacting with high-speed projectiles, compressive stress is generated on the surface of the workpiece, thereby improving its fatigue strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, and extending its service life.
Increase roughness: Provide an activated surface with a certain roughness for subsequent spraying, painting and other processes, significantly improving the adhesion of coatings such as paint films.
Classification of shot blasting equipment
Shot blasting machines can be classified mainly based on their structural form and driving method.
Structural form: Double disc type
The blade is fixed between two disks, with a stable structure and relatively low requirements for manufacturing accuracy. It is the most commonly used form in China.
Single disc type: The blade is fixed on one side of the disc, which has a more concise structure but requires high precision in equipment manufacturing.
It is more commonly used in developed countries abroad, but relatively less in China.
Drive mode: cantilever type
The impeller is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and the motor is driven by a pulley. This form has high power, high speed, and overload protection characteristics. Widely used in various shot blasting equipment.
Direct connection:
The impeller is directly installed on the motor shaft and driven directly by the motor. Compact structure, high transmission efficiency, no spindle seat components. Suitable for situations where space is limited or efficient transmission is required.
In addition, a complete shot blasting machine is mainly composed of core components such as impeller body, blades, dividing wheel, directional sleeve, and feeding tube. During operation, the projectile flows into the feeding tube, passes through the guiding wheel and directional sleeve, and is accelerated and ejected by the high-speed rotating blades.
As the core of a shot blasting machine, the performance of the shot blasting wheel directly affects the processing efficiency and quality of the equipment.