Composition And Application Of Shot Blasting Tank

Composition and application of shot blasting tank
The shot blasting tank is the core pressure vessel in shot blasting equipment, used to store abrasives and spray them at high speed onto the surface of the workpiece for the purpose of cleaning or strengthening.
The main application areas of sandblasting cans
The application of shot blasting cans is very extensive, especially suitable for processing workpieces with complex structures:
Casting industry: Shot blasting can removes residual sand, sticky sand, and oxide scale on the surface of castings.
Steel pretreatment: Remove rust on the surface of profiles and steel pipes, as well as oxide scales on forgings, welded parts, and heat-treated workpieces.
Supplementary cleaning: used to clean dead corners or complex cavities of workpieces that are difficult to reach by shot blasting machines, as a supplementary process for shot blasting cleaning.
Other industries: It is also widely used for surface rust removal and pretreatment in shipbuilding, bridges, steel structures, oil pipelines, metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, and other fields.
Core components of shot blasting tank
The shot blasting tank, as a pressure vessel, is composed of multiple components that work together. The following are its main components and functions:
Component names of sandblasting cans
Tank body: a core pressure vessel used to store abrasives (steel balls, sand, etc.). It is usually a vertical structure with a conical shape at the bottom, making it easy for abrasives to fall smoothly by gravity.
Hopper: located at the top of the tank, used for adding abrasives. There is usually a sieve inside to filter out large impurities and prevent blockage of downstream valves and nozzles.
Feeding valve: located at the top feeding port of the tank. When compressed air is introduced into the tank, the valve will automatically close and seal, establishing pressure inside the tank.
Air source processing system: including filters, pressure regulating valves, etc., responsible for purifying (removing water and oil) and pressure regulating the compressed air entering the system to ensure stable operation of the equipment.
Concentrated shot blasting valve (sandblasting valve): core component. The abrasive mixes with compressed air here and accelerates. By adjusting the handwheel, the mixing ratio of abrasive and air can be precisely controlled to achieve the best spraying effect.
Control valve and pipeline system: including air shut-off valve, directional valve, solenoid valve, etc., used to control the opening and closing of the air circuit. Modern shot blasting tanks often use pneumatic or electronic remote control, allowing operators to remotely control the spraying process for greater safety and convenience.
Nozzle: The final outlet of high-speed mixed flow and is a vulnerable component. To extend the lifespan, wear-resistant materials such as tungsten carbide are often used for manufacturing.
Brief description of the working principle of sandblasting tank
The operation of the shot blasting tank is a cyclic process of "pressurization mixing spraying". Firstly, the abrasive is added to the tank through the top hopper. When working, compressed air enters the tank, pushing the feeding valve to close and seal, causing the pressure inside the tank to rapidly increase. Subsequently, the control system opens the thickening shot blasting valve and the air shut-off valve. The abrasive under pressure in the tank enters the mixing chamber of the thickening shot blasting valve with the assistance of gravity, mixes and accelerates with another high-pressure air, and finally forms a high-speed abrasive flow. It is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece at a speed of about 60 meters per second through the nozzle, achieving cleaning or strengthening effects.